Operant conditioning is B.F. Skinner’s name for instrumental learning: learning by consequences. Not a new idea, of course. Humanity has always known how to teach children and animals by means of ...

In this free webinar, learn about the limitations of traditional behavioral assays in modeling psychiatric disorders. Attendees will gain insight into the application of operant paradigms to dissect ...

To evaluate the influence of an initial heroin experience under a modified two-chained training schedule on drug-seeking behavior after a long abstinence period. In the present study, we aimed to ...

To behave flexibly in a given environment, organisms need to choose their actions based on the consequences of the actions. This type of behavior is called goal-directed behavior. As we keep repeating ...