Phonons are sound particles or quantized vibrations of atoms in solid materials. The Debye model, a theory introduced by physicist Peter Debye in 1912, describes the contribution of phonons to the ...

(Phys.org)—Phase transitions are transformations that occur between states of matter—that is, between solid, liquid, gas, and less commonly between gas and plasma. What may be surprising is that solid ...

Grouting in fractured rock masses is crucial in numerous engineering projects such as tunnel seepage prevention, foundation reinforcement, and energy storage. However, slurry flow within fractures ...

The development and use of intelligent drilling rigs make it available to obtain accurate lithology data of blast drilling. In order to make full use of drilling data to improve blasting efficiency, ...